戴氏語文 補習(xí)_人教版七年級英語知識點總結(jié)_初中指點
戴氏語文 補習(xí)_人教版七年級英語知識點總結(jié)_初中指點,中考前兩三個月時間安排得很緊,要抽出時間在個別科目上狠下功夫是很難的。因此,應(yīng)該在盡量照顧弱勢科目的前提下,全面兼顧各科,并且努力提高優(yōu)勢科目,以期在優(yōu)勢科目的考試中與別人拉開差距,并彌補弱勢科目的不足。每一勤苦起勁的背后,必有加倍的犒賞。學(xué)習(xí)外語并不難,學(xué)習(xí)外語就像交同伙一樣,同伙是越交越熟的,天天碰頭,同伙之間就親密無間了。不停重復(fù)和熟練,是學(xué)會英語的不二竅門。下面是
人教版知識點
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
◆歸納
play chess 下
play the guitar 彈吉他
speak English 說英語
English club 英語俱樂部
talk to 跟…說
play the violin 拉小提琴
play the piano 彈鋼琴
play the drums 敲鼓
make friends 結(jié)交同伙
1 do kung fu 練 (中國) 功夫
1 tell stories 講
1 play games 做游戲
1 on the weekend/on weekends 在周末
◆用法集萃
play +棋類/球類 下……棋,打……球
play the +西洋樂器 彈/拉……樂器
be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 善于做某事
be good with sb. 和某人相處地好
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
can + 動詞真相 能/會做某事
a little + 不能數(shù)名詞 一點兒……
join the …club 加入…俱樂部
like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜歡/喜歡做某事
◆典句必背
Can you draw? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club.
You can join the English club.
Sounds good./That sounds good.
I can speak English and I can also play soccer.
Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-372
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
◆短語歸納
what time 幾點
go to school 去上學(xué)
get up 起床
take a shower 洗淋浴
brush teeth 刷牙
get to 到達
do homework 做家庭作業(yè)
go to work 去上班
go home 回家
1 eat breakfast 吃早飯
1 get dressed 穿上衣服
1 get home 抵家
1 either…or… 要么…要么…
1 go to bed 上床睡覺
1 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下晝/晚上
1 take a walk 散步
1 lots of=a lot of 許多,大量
1 radio station 廣播電臺
1 at night 在晚上
2 be late for=arrive late for 遲到
◆用法集萃
at + 詳細時間點 在幾點(幾分)
eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯
thirty\half past +基數(shù)詞 ……點半
fifteen\a quarter to +基數(shù)詞差一刻到……點
take a/an +名詞 從事……流動
from …to … 從……到……
need to do sth 需要做某事
◆典句必背
What time do you usually get up? I usually get up at six thirty.
That’s a funny time for breakfast.
When do students usually eat dinner? They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening.
In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.
At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch..
She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good.
Here are your clothes.
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
◆短語歸納
get to school 到達學(xué)校
take the subway 乘地鐵
ride a bike 騎自行車
how far 多遠
from home to school 從家到學(xué)校
every day 天天
take the bus 乘公共汽車
by bike 騎自行車
bus stop 公共汽車站
1 think of 以為
1 between … and … 在…和…之間
1one 11-year-old boy 一個11歲的男孩
1 play with … 和…玩
1 come true 實現(xiàn)
1 have to 不得不
◆用法集萃
take… to …= go to … by… 乘…去…
How do / does (sb)get to …?…是怎樣到…的?
How far is it from … to …?從…到…有多遠?
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事破費某人多長時間。
How long does it take to do sth.? …破費多長時間?
It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是….
Thanks for + n. / Ving 謝謝你(做)某事。
◆典句必背
How do you get to school? I ride my bike.
How far is it from your home to school?
How long does it take you to get to school?
For many students, it is easy to get to school.
There is a very big river between their school and the village.
人教版
Unit 5
回復(fù)why的提問要用because
Kind of 相當(dāng)于副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞,意為“稍微,有點”,與a little/ bit 相近
A kind of 意為“一種”,some kinds of 意為“幾種”,all kinds of 意為“林林總總的”。這里的kind 是“種,類,屬”的意思。
Why not =Why don’t you+V原 你為什么不…?
walk on one’s legs/ hands
on 意為“用…方式行走”
all day =the whole day整天
來自be/ come from
where do they come from?
=where are they from?
more than=over跨越 less than 少于
once twice three times
be in great danger
1one of… …之一 +名詞復(fù)數(shù)
1get lost
1with/ without 有/ 沒有 介詞
1a symbol of
1由…制造 be made of能看出原質(zhì)料
be made from 看不出原質(zhì)料
be made in+地址 表產(chǎn)地
1cut down 砍到
動副結(jié)構(gòu)(代詞必須放中央,名詞可放中央或者后面)
Unit 6
現(xiàn)在舉行時
其結(jié)構(gòu)為be的現(xiàn)在式(am, is, are)+ 現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)。
否認形式在be后面加not,疑問式將be動詞提前
動詞-ing形式的組成:
一樣平時情形+ing;以不發(fā)音的e末尾的,去e加ing;重讀閉音節(jié)末尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,雙寫輔音字母再加ing
go to the movies
join sb for sth與某人一起做某事
join us for dinner
live with sb
live in+地址
other,another與the other
Other “其他的,另外的”,后接名詞復(fù)數(shù),有時other+n復(fù)數(shù)=others
Another “又一(個),另一(個)”,泛指總數(shù)為三個或三個以上中的隨便一個,后接名詞單數(shù)。
The other“(兩者中的)另一個”,常與one連用,“one…the other…”示意“一個…,另一個…”
talk on the phone
wish to do sth
Here is+ n單
Here are+ n 復(fù)
Unit 7
詢問天氣的表達方式:
How’s the weather?
It’s a raining/sunny day.
It’s raining.
What’s the weather like?
It’s windy.
play computer games
How’s it/ everything going?
In/ at the park
Take a message for sb 替身留言
Leave a message to sb 給人留言
call sb back
right now,right away,at once,in a minute,in a moment,in no time 馬上,馬上
right now現(xiàn)在
just now剛剛(用于一樣平時已往式)
over and over again
1the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game
1by the pool
1summer vacation
1go on a vacation去度假
be on a vacation在度假
1write (a letter)to sb
1反意疑問句(陳述句+附加疑問句)
反意疑問句中,陳述句用的一定,后面的附加疑問句就要用否認;相反,陳述句用的否認,附加疑問句就要用一定。
1以-ing末尾“令人…的”exciting,interesting,relaxing
以-ed末尾“人感應(yīng)…的”excited,interested,relaxed
1in the first picture
1dry干燥的 humid濕潤的
Unit 8
There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不能數(shù)名詞+ 地址狀語.
There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地址狀語.
謂語動詞要與跟它最近的誰人名詞一致(就近原則)。
There be句型的否認式在be后加上not或no即可。
注重not和no的差異:not是副詞,no為形容詞,not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.
There be句型的一樣平時疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首
There be示意“某處存在某物或某人”;have示意“某人擁有某物/某人”
問路:
①Is/ Are there ……near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood?
②Where is/ are……?
③How can I get to……?
④Could/Can you tell me the way to……
⑤Which is the way to……
Across,cross,through,over
Across是介詞,“橫過,在迎面”示意從物體外面穿過
Cross是動詞,相當(dāng)于go/ walk across
Through是介詞,示意從物體中央或內(nèi)里穿過 go through the door
Over是介詞,“橫過,越過”示意從物體上空越過,跨過 fly over
ask for help/ advice
in/ on the street
在某條大街上習(xí)習(xí)用介詞on on Bridge Street
across from,next to,between…and…,behind
in front of在…(外部的)前面→behind在…后面 in the front of在…(內(nèi)部的)前面
be in town→be out of town
1be far from
1go/ walk along go straight go up/ down
1turn left/right
1on one’s/ the left
1at the first crossing/ turning
1sometimes 有時(頻度副詞)
sometime(未來)有朝一日,(曾經(jīng))某天
Some times 幾回,幾倍 some time 一段時間(前面用介詞for)
,“開夜車”或不午睡,犧牲休息時間去突擊學(xué)習(xí)不僅會搞垮身體,實際上也不利于學(xué)習(xí)。所以,我們一定要注意勞逸結(jié)合,保證睡眠時間,按時作息,充分休息好,以保持充沛的精力,旺盛的斗志。以這種狀態(tài)去學(xué)習(xí),收效會更大。,,學(xué)習(xí)必須善于總結(jié)。學(xué)完一章,要做個小結(jié);學(xué)完一本書。要做個總結(jié)??偨Y(jié)很主要,差其余學(xué)科總結(jié)方式不盡相同。常做總結(jié)可輔助你進一步明晰所學(xué)的知識,形成較完整的知識框架。,1free
空閑的 free time
自由的 as free as a fish
免費的 The best things in life are free.
1enjoy doing
1Time goes quickly.
1表“一些”在一定句中用some. 在疑問句和否認句中用any。
特殊用法:some可用于示意希望獲得對方一定的回覆或示意建議、委婉請求的疑問句中。
any也可用于一定句中,示意"任何的"。
人教版
一. 情態(tài)動詞can的用法
can+動詞真相,它不隨主語的人稱和數(shù)而轉(zhuǎn)變。
含有can的一定句:主語+can+謂語動詞的真相+其他。
含有can的否認句:主語+can't+動詞的真相+其他。
變一樣平時疑問句時,把can提前:Can+主語+動詞真相+其他? 一定回復(fù):Yes,主語+can。否認回復(fù):No,主語+can't.
含有can的特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+can+主語+動詞真相+其他?
I can speak English.→I can't speak English.→Can you speak English? →What can you speak?
二. what time和when指導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
詢問鐘點時用what time,詢問日期、月份、年份時用when。
What's the time?=What time is it?現(xiàn)在幾點了?
時刻表達法:順讀法和逆讀法。
順讀法:“鐘點+分鐘”直接讀數(shù)字。
如:7: 05 seven five;8:16 eight sixteen
逆讀法:借助介詞past或to示意,要先說分再說鐘點。
a. 當(dāng)分鐘不跨越30分鐘時(包羅30分鐘),即<或=30,用past示意。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:“分鐘+past+整點” 意為“幾點過幾分”。
如:1:25 twenty-five past one
b. 當(dāng)跨越30分鐘時,即>30,用to示意。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:“所差分鐘(即60—所 太過鐘數(shù))+to+下一個整點”,to譯成“差”,差幾分鐘到幾點。
如:4:38 twenty-two to five
c. 當(dāng)分鐘為30分鐘用half示意,當(dāng)分鐘為15分鐘用a quarter。
三. how指導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句
how 指導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句提問交通方式,其答語分三種情形:
a. take a/an/the+交通工具(單數(shù))
b. by+交通工具(單數(shù))
c. on/in+限制詞+交通工具
---How do you go to school every day?
---I take a bus to go to school every day./I go to school by bus every day./I go to school on the bus every day.
how far 用來提問距離,多遠,其答語分為兩種:
(1)用長度單元示意:It is five kilometers.
(2)用時間示意:It’s twenty minutes’walk.
how long 用來提問時間,意為多久回復(fù)常用“for+段時”。
----How long have you learnt English?
----For 3 years.
how soon 用來提問做完某事還需要多長時間, 用于未來時態(tài), 常用“in+時間段”往返覆。
----How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ----In 3 hours.
四. 祈使句
祈使句一樣平時示意請求、下令、勸說、招呼、忠言等。一樣平時以動詞真相開頭,句末可以用嘆息號或句號。
一定的祈使句:
(1) 實義動詞真相+其他 :Please look at that boy.
(2) be動詞真相+形容詞+其他:Be quiet, please.
否認的祈使句:
(1) Don’t+實義動詞+真相 Don't stand there.
(2) Don’t be+形容詞+其他 Don't be so noisy.
(4) No+n./V-ing
No photos. 不許照相。
No talking. 不許談話。
五. 現(xiàn)在舉行時
現(xiàn)在舉行時指當(dāng)前時間正在發(fā)生的動作。常與now,at this moment,listen,look等詞連用。
現(xiàn)在舉行時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
一定式:am/is/are+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)
否認式:am/is/are not +doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)
一樣平時疑問式:Am/Is/Are + 主語 +doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)+ 其他
特殊疑問式:特殊疑問詞+一樣平時疑問式
They’re having a meeting now. 他們現(xiàn)在正在開會。
They aren't having a meeting now. 他們現(xiàn)在沒有在開會。
Are they having a meeting now? 他們現(xiàn)在正在開會嗎?
What are they doing now? 他們現(xiàn)在正在做什么?
現(xiàn)在舉行時的基本用法
(1)示意此時現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情。常與now,at the moment,look,listen等詞連用。
The little boy is watching TV now. 這個小男孩現(xiàn)在正在看電視。
Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room. 聽!她正在隔鄰房間彈吉他。
(2)示意現(xiàn)階段一直在舉行著或是重復(fù)發(fā)生著的動作,不強調(diào)此時現(xiàn)在正在做。常與示意時間段的時間狀語連用。
I am studying computer this term. 這個學(xué)期我一直在學(xué)習(xí)盤算機。
(3)示意語言人褒義或貶義的情緒色彩,如贊許、指斥、喜歡、厭惡等。此時常與alway、often等頻度副詞連用。
He is always thinking of others , not of himself. 他總是為他人著想,而不為自己。(示意贊許)
One of my roommates is often leaving things about. 我的一個室友經(jīng)常亂扔器械。(示意不滿)
(4)示意在近期按設(shè)計或放置要發(fā)生的動作。(現(xiàn)在舉行時示意一樣平時未來的寄義。)
① 瞬時動詞的舉行時在任何情形下都示意未來寄義。這些動詞包羅go , come , leave,arrive , return等。
I am leaving.
我將要脫離了。
I am leaving tomorrow.
我將會明天脫離。
② 延續(xù)動詞的舉行時,只有在有未來時間狀語或未來語境的情形下才可以示意未來寄義。
An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon.
今天下晝一位美國教授將要作。(未來寄義)
An American professor is giving a lecture.
一個美國教授正在作講述。(舉行寄義)
現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)的轉(zhuǎn)變規(guī)則
(1)一樣平時在情形下,在動詞詞尾加-ing。
go——going
play——playing
know——knowing
(2)以不發(fā)音的字母e末尾動詞,先去e再加-ing。
make——making
arrive——arriving
come——coming
(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾,且動詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時,先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ing。
run——running
stop——stopping
swim——swimming
run——running
put——putting
sit——sitting
begin——beginning
plan——planning
cut——cutting
get——getting
shop——shopping
chat——chatting
regret——regretting
dig——digging
(4)以-ie末尾,先將-ie改成y,再加-ing。
tie——tying
die——dying
lie——lying
六. There be結(jié)構(gòu)
There be句型主要用以表達“某處有某人(某物),強調(diào)存在”其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“There be+某物(某人)+某地”,有時為了強調(diào)地址,也可把地址狀語放在句首。
There is a book on the desk.
On the desk there is a book.
(1)一定句:“There be+主語(某人/某物)+介詞短語”
There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。
There is a pen and two books on the desk. 書桌上有一支鋼筆和兩本書。
(2)否認式:“There be +not+主語+介詞短語”
There isn’t a boy in the room.房間里沒有一個男孩。
There aren’t any books on the desk.書桌上沒有書。
注重:“There be句型”的否認式的組成和含有be動詞的其他句型一樣,在be后加not或no即可。
注重not和no的差異:not是副詞,no為形容詞,以是not a/an/any+n,相當(dāng)于no+n。
There aren’t any pictures on the wall.
=There are no pictures on the wall.
There isn’t a bike behind the tree.
=There is no bike behind the tree.
(3)疑問式:Be there+主語+介詞短語?”
一定回復(fù)是:“Yes, there be.”否認回復(fù)是:“No, there+be與not的縮寫形式”。
—Is there a lamp in your bedroom?在你的臥室里有臺燈嗎?
—Yes, there is.是的,有。
—Are there any clock in the living room?客廳里有鐘嗎?
—No, there aren’t.不,沒有。
(4)特殊疑問句:一樣平時有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)
How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are/were there+介詞短語?
There’re many children in the park.
How many children are there in the park?
How much+不能數(shù)名詞+is/was there+介詞短語?
There was little rain around the year.
How much rain was there around the year?
have示意“某人擁有某人或某物,強調(diào)擁有和所屬關(guān)系”。
The man has two cars.
There be句型中的就近原則,即be和距其最近的主語保持一致。
There are some pens and a book on the floor. =There is a book and some pears on the floor.
七. 選擇疑問句
選擇疑問句是指語言人提出兩種或以上的情形,讓對方選擇是哪一種,兩個選擇部門用or毗鄰。選擇疑問句不用yes或no往返覆,直接在兩個選擇里選一個回復(fù)。
---Is she tall or short? ---She is tall.
---Can you play the piano or play the guitar? ---I can play the piano
八. 名詞
名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
在英語內(nèi)里,名詞分可數(shù)名詞(countable noun)和不能數(shù)名詞(uncountable noun)。不能數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分,用時只當(dāng)單數(shù)詞用;可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分,一個的前面要用a或an,eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card,而復(fù)數(shù)即兩個或兩個以上的要作響應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)變,情形如下:
(1)一樣平時的詞在單數(shù)詞后直接+“s”
book→books,pen→pens,car→cars,map→maps,cartoon→cartoons
(2)以s,x,sh,ch末尾的詞+“es”
box→boxes,watch→watches
(3)以輔音字母+y末尾的名詞去掉“y”,改成“i”,再加“es”
family→families,comedy→comedies
(4)以f或fe末尾的詞,先去掉f或fe,改成“v”再加es
knife→knives,wife→wives,handkerchief→handkerchieves
(5) 特殊詞,特殊轉(zhuǎn)變,需單獨記:
child→children,man→men,foot→feet,woman→women
tooth→teeth,sheep→sheep,deer→deer
既是可數(shù)名詞又是不能數(shù)名詞的單詞
chicken當(dāng)“雞肉”講時是不能數(shù),當(dāng)“小雞”講時可數(shù);
room當(dāng)“空間”講時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“房間”講時可數(shù);
fish當(dāng)食物用“魚、魚肉”講時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“魚的種類”講時可數(shù);
hair泛指“毛發(fā)”時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“一根或幾根毛發(fā)”講時可數(shù);
sound意思是“一樣平時性的聲音”時,不能數(shù),指“一次發(fā)出的聲音”時可數(shù);
paper當(dāng)“紙”講時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“試卷”、“論文”、“證件”講時可數(shù);
time當(dāng)“時間”講時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“時代、倍數(shù)、次數(shù)”講時可數(shù);
exercise泛指“磨煉”時不能數(shù),當(dāng)“演習(xí)、做操”講時可數(shù)
九. 一樣平時已往時
一樣平時已往時示意在已往某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或所處的狀態(tài)(與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)) 。常與yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等已往詳細時間狀語連用。
He was here just now.
他適才還在這里。
What did you do yesterday?
你昨天做了什么事?
一樣平時已往時基本結(jié)構(gòu)
一定句形式:主語+動詞已往式+其他
I was an English teacher one year ago.
一年前我是一名英語先生。
I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.
昨天下晝我買了一條黃裙子。
否認句形式:①was/were+not; ②在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞
I wasn't an English teacher one year ago.
一年前我不是一名英語先生。
I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.
昨天下晝我沒買一條黃裙子。
一樣平時疑問句:①was/were提到句首; ②Did+主語+動詞真相+其他?
Were you an English teacher one year ago?
一年前你是一名英語先生嗎?
Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon?
昨天下晝你買了一條黃裙子嗎?
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一樣平時疑問句
What were you one year ago?
一年前你是做什么的?
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